Индексы рынка недвижимости помогут снизить ее кадастровую стоимость

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Индексы рынка недвижимости помогут снизить ее кадастровую стоимость
Минэкономразвития предлагает использовать индексы рынка недвижимости с целью снижения ее кадастровой стоимости, следует из законопроекта, размещенного на федеральном портале проектов нормативных правовых актов. Рассчитывать такие индексы должна Федеральная кадастровая палата на основании имеющихся у Росреестра данных о ценах реальных сделок.

Расчет налога на недвижимость на основании ее кадастровой стоимости — весьма редкая, если не исключительная реформа для того периода, когда Российской Федерацией в качестве президента и председателя правительства руководил Владимир Путин. Он публично признал, что при ее проведении была допущена серьезнейшая ошибка.

«Когда некоторые, в том числе сидящие в этом зале, коллеги убеждали нас и меня в том числе использовать рыночную стоимость недвижимости при расчете налога, они говорили, что старые, устаревшие оценки БТИ — это анахронизм. Однако в реальности оказалось, что кадастровая стоимость, которая вроде бы должна соответствовать рыночной, часто значительно ее превышает. Но так не договаривались, и люди этого от нас никак не ожидали», — говорил В.Путин в послании Федеральному собранию накануне президентских выборов в марте 2018 года.

Нужно уточнить механизмы расчета налога, а также определения кадастровой стоимости недвижимости, потребовал президент. «Все решения необходимо принять максимально быстро в первом полугодии текущего года», — добавил В.Путин.

Так быстро все поправить не удалось. Проект документа, вносящий необходимые изменения в закон о кадастровой оценке, был опубликован только в среду.

Этот законопроект предусматривает признание утратившей силу статьи 19 закона о кадастровой оценке, которая устанавливала, что для оперативного изменения кадастровой стоимости нужна внеочередная государственная кадастровая оценка.

Вместо нее в закон предлагается ввести статью 19.1 об индексах рынка недвижимости, которые Федеральная кадастровая палата должна рассчитывать на основании цен реальных сделок, имеющихся в Росреестре. Новая статья сконструирована так, что для изменения кадастровой стоимости внеочередной оценки не потребуется.

Оно должно проводиться автоматически в случае изменения величины индекса в сторону уменьшения более чем на 30% по сравнению с аналогичной величиной, зафиксированной в год проведения последней государственной кадастровой оценки — соответствующего вида объектов недвижимости или категории земель. Исключение будут составлять случаи, когда кадастровая стоимость установлена в размере рыночной.

Эти правила разработчики законопроекта называют в числе мер, составляющих «режим непрерывного надзора за проведением государственной кадастровой оценки Росреестром». Эти мероприятия, согласно пояснительной записке к законопроекту, направлены на снижение негативного эффекта от нарушений и ошибок, допускаемых при проведении кадастровой госоценки.

Еще одна новелла — это изменение механизма внесудебного установления кадастровой стоимости в размере рыночной. «Предусматривается переход от формального рассмотрения соответствующих заявлений в [соответствующих региональных] комиссиях к их содержательному рассмотрению в государственных бюджетных учреждениях субъектов РФ, осуществляющих определение кадастровой стоимости», — говорится в пояснительной записке.

Законопроект также устанавливает правило о ретроспективном применении измененной кадастровой стоимости. Кроме того, он вводит норму о том, что любая ошибка рассматривается в пользу правообладателя объекта недвижимости. «Этот принцип заключается в том, что если исправление ошибки в определении кадастровой стоимости влечет ее уменьшение, то такое уменьшение также имеет ретроспективное применение на весь период со дня внесения в Единый государственный реестр недвижимости первоначальной кадастровой стоимости. В свою очередь, если исправление ошибки приводит к увеличению кадастровой стоимости, то такая новая стоимость применяется с года, следующего за годом ее исправления», — говорится в пояснительной записке.

Проект закона обязывает все учреждения, осуществляющие определение кадастровой стоимости, использовать автоматизированную информационную систему обеспечения применения методических указаний о государственной кадастровой оценке. На ее создание Минэкономразвития предлагает выделить 225 млн рублей из федерального бюджета.

Требования о расчете и использовании индекса рынка недвижимости и обязательное использование «методической» информсистемы разработчики законопроекта предлагают ввести с 1 января 2020 года. Это необходимо сделать «после проведения необходимых предварительных мероприятий по совершенствованию методических указаний о государственной кадастровой оценке и совершенствованию инструментов побуждения участников сделок с объектами недвижимости к указанию в соответствующих договорах достоверных ценовых сведений», говорится в пояснительной записке.

Ежегодная субсидия Федеральной кадастровой палате для выполнения новых полномочий должна составить, по подсчетам Минэкономразвития, 75 млн рублей.

Источник: ria-news.ru

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